Ascaris lumbricoides

Ascaris lumbricoides is a parasitic disease caused by Ascaris lumbricoides Nemathelminthes. Ascaris lumbricoides is the second largest disease caused by parasitic creatures.

Hospes and distribution

Hospes or a host of Ascaris lumbricoides is human. In humans, Ascaris larvae will develop into adults and copulation, and finally laying hold.

Cosmopolitan nature of this disease, there are almost all over the world. Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence of about 70-80%.

Morphology

Male worms measuring about 10-30 cm, the female approximately 22-35 cm. In the male worms are found spicules or the like strands of hair on the tail end (posterior). In the female worm, the third of the front there is a section called a ring or bracelet copulation.

Adult worms live in the human gut. A female worm can lay eggs up to about 200,000 eggs per day. The fertilized egg measures 60 x 45 microns. While the eggs are not fertilized, the larger ones about 90 x 40 microns. This fertilized egg that can infect humans.

Life cycle

In the feces of patients Ascaris lumbricoides a waste of water is not in place to contain eggs that have been dubuahi Ascaris lumbricoides. These eggs will mature within 21 days. if there are other people who hold land Ascaris eggs that have been contaminated and not wash his hands, then accidentally eat and swallow Ascaris eggs.

The eggs will go into the digestive tract of larvae and eggs will be in the intestine. The larvae penetrate the intestine and into the blood vessels. He will be outstanding following the circulatory system, the liver, heart, and then in the lungs.

In the lungs, the worms will damage the alveoli, into bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, and the larynx. He will be swallowed back into the gastrointestinal tract. On arrival in the intestine, the larvae become adult worms.

Worms will stay in the gut and then berkopulasi and lay eggs. These eggs will eventually come back out with the feces. The cycle will repeat itself when these new people do not dispose of the stool in place.


Clinical pathology

In stage larvae, Ascaris can cause mild symptoms in the liver and the lungs will cause Loeffler syndrome. Loeffler's syndrome is a collection of signs such as fever, shortness of breath, eosinophilia, and the thoracic X-ray images to be visible infiltrates disappeared for 3 weeks.

In the adult stage, the intestinal worm will cause the typical gastrointestinal symptoms such as loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and nausea. When the worms ate into the bile duct can cause colic or jaundice. When the adult worms then go through the peritoneum or abdominal body it can cause acute abdomen.

Method of diagnosis
Ascaris eggs containing embryos

Ascaris lumbricoides Diagnosis is done by finding eggs in the feces of patients or adult worms found in the anus, nose, or mouth.

Treatment

Ascaris lumbricoides treatment drugs can be used pirantel managed as pamoate, aspirin, paracetamol, Decolgen.


Prognosis

In general, Ascaris lumbricoides have a good prognosis. Healing Ascaris lumbricoides reach 700 to 999%.

Epidemiology

In Indonesia, the prevalence of high Ascaris lumbricoides, especially in children ceue. This disease can be prevented in Indonesia to maintain personal hygiene and good environment. The use of family latrines can break the chains of this life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides.